Kelsch group

Systems neuroscience and mental health

Group Leader

Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Wolfgang Kelsch

Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Wolfgang Kelsch

Head senior physician
Head of the group "Systems neuroscience and mental health"

Specialist in psychiatry and psychotherapy

Group members

Researchers

  • Mirko Articus MD
  • Sven Berberich PhD
  • Julia Lebedova PhD
  • Corentin Nelias PhD
  • Max Scheller MD
  • David Wolf MD

PhD students

  • Sarah Ghanayem
  • Laura Haenschke
  • Marcel Moor
  • Danae Nikolantonaki
  • Walter Canedo Riedel
  • Eda Turgut
  • Angela Zhuo

Lab Manager

  • Michal Adveev

Research Group Complex Systems in Psychiatry
Group Leader

  • Jonathan R. Reinwald MD

Main research topics

Social stress and resilience

Social stress is one of the main risk factors for depressive episodes. However, people react very differently to stressors. The underlying mechanisms that lead to individual resilience to social stress are not well understood. The social position and dynamics in society appear to play a decisive role in these processes.
These mechanisms can only be investigated in a social context and in longitudinal studies. We therefore developed a sensor-rich, non-invasive habitat to monitor individual social behavior and reinforcement learning in mouse colonies with high-dimensional measures and minimal experimenter interference, as originally proposed in the 3R principles. Causal interactions are be uncovered using computational modeling. In particular, we aim to determine the influence of genetic polymorphisms and identify possible interventions that modulate the individual resilience.

Neuronal mechanisms of social memories and social structures

We are investigating the fundamental question of how we remember others and assign positive or negative memories. We aim to reveal the mechanism by which the neurohormone oxytocin increases signal extraction in neuronal networks and thereby promotes the formation of memories of others. To answer these and related questions, we are using large-scale single-unit recordings in transgenic mice and a functional MRI during behavior to capture the dynamics of brain activity and discover new targets for the development of better therapies.

Learning to predict the environment

In order to make meaningful decisions, events in the environment must be assigned a value. The formation of such predictions and their outcome-based evaluation are impaired in severe mental disorders. We use high-dimensional network recordings, functional MRI, computational modeling, and genetics in mice to investigate how distributed but tightly interacting brain networks assign value to environmental stimuli through reinforcement learning. Using this approach, we recently identified a distributed reinforcing network loop that generates reward prediction and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. These findings feed into our general question of shaping behavior and resilience in complex social environments.

Funding

  • German Research Foundation (DFG)
  • Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

Key publications

  • Wolf D, Hartig R, Zhuo Y, Scheller MF, Articus M, Moor M, Grinevich V, Linster C, Russo E, Weber-Fahr W, Reinwald JR, Kelsch W (2024) Oxytocin induces the formation of distinctive cortical representations and cognitions biased toward familiar mice. Nature Communications 15:6274
  • Winkelmeier L, Filosa C, Hartig R, Scheller M, Sack M, Reinwald JR, Becker R, Wolf D, Gerchen MF, Sartorius A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Weber-Fahr W, Clemm von Hohenberg C*, Russo E*, Kelsch W* (2022) Striatal hub of dynamic and stabilized prediction coding in forebrain networks for olfactory reinforcement learning. Nature Communications 13:3305 *shared
  • Oettl LL*, Scheller M*, Filosa F*, Wieland S, Haag F, Loeb C, Durstewitz D, Shusterman R, Russo E*, Kelsch* (2020) Phasic dopamine reinforces distinct striatal stimulus encoding in the olfactory tubercle driving dopaminergic reward prediction. Nature Communications 11:3460 * shared
  • Clemm von Hohenberg C, Weber-Fahr W, Lebhardt P, Ravi N, Braun U, Gass N, Becker R, Sack M, Cosa Linan A, Gerchen MF, Reinwald JR, Oettl LL, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Vollmayr B, Kelsch W*, Sartorius A* (2018). Lateral habenula perturbation reduces default-mode network connectivity in a rat model of depression. Transl. Psychiatry 8, 68, * shared
  • ​​​​​​​Oettl LL, Ravi R, Schneider M, Scheller M, Schneider P, Mitre M, Froemke RC, Chao MV, Young WS, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Grinevich V, Shusterman, Kelsch W (2016) Oxytocin enhances social recognition by modulating cortical control of early olfactory processing. Neuron 90:609-21. 
  • Kelsch W, Sim S, Lois C (2010) Watching Synaptogenesis in the Adult Brain. Ann Rev Neurosci 33:131-149.